 | Term | Definition |
| |
Acid |
A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution (compare with base); a proton donor. |
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ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
Organic molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in the body cells. |
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Atomic mass number |
Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Atomic Number |
The number of protons in an atom. |
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Atomic Symbol |
The one or two-letter symbol used to indicate an element; usually the first letter(s) of the element's name. |
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Atomic Weight |
The average mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element. |
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Base |
A substance capable of binding with hydrogen ions; a proton acceptor. |
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Compound |
Substance composed of two or more different elements, the atoms of which are chemically united. |
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Covalent Bond |
Chemical bond created bu electron sharing between atoms. |
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Electrons |
Negatively charged subatomic particle; orbits the atom's nucleus. |
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Elements |
One of a limited number of unique varieties of matter that composes substances of all kinds; (i.e. -carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) |
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Energy |
The capacity to do work; may be stored (potential energy) or in action (kinetic energy). |
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Hydrogen Bonds |
Weak bond in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between two electron-hungry atoms. An important intramolecular bond. |
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Inorganic Compounds |
Chemical substances that don't contain carbon, These include: water, salts, and many acids and bases. |
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Ionic Bonds |
Chemical bond formed by electron transfer between atoms. |
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Ion |
Atom with a positive or negative electric charge. |
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Isotopes |
Different atomic forms of the same element , vary only in the number of neutrons they contain; the heavier species tend to be radioactive. |
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Matter |
Anything that occupies space and has mass. |
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Molecule |
Particle consisting of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds. |
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Neutrons |
Uncharged subatomic particle; found in the atomic nucleus. |
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Nucleic Acids |
Class of organic molecules that includes DNA and RNA. |
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Organic Compounds |
Any compound composed of atoms (some of which are carbon) held together by covalent (shared electron) bonds. |
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Salts |
Ionic compound that dissociates into charged particles ( other than hydrogen or hydroxyl ions) when dissolved in water. |
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