 | Term | Definition |
| |
food of the gods |
ambrosia |
| |
drink of the gods |
nectar |
| |
personification of earth |
Gaea |
| |
mountain home of gods |
Mt. Olympus |
| |
name of 12 major gods |
Olympians |
| |
word derived from "all" and "gods" |
Pantheon |
| |
spirits of woods, trees, rivers, springs, caves, mtns |
nymphs |
| |
2 Greek gods of fire--one friendly(hearth) and one unfriendly |
Hestia/Hephaestus |
| |
physically imperfect god |
Hephaestus |
| |
patron goddesses of the arts |
muses |
| |
Gorgon who was mortal |
Medusa |
| |
Maia and Zeus' son: shortly after birth created lyre |
Hermes |
| |
goddess who threatened barren Earth if daughter not returned |
Demeter |
| |
goddess of love and beauty |
Aphrodite |
| |
god of light, sun, poetry, music, medicine, prophecy, arts |
Apollo |
| |
god of war |
Ares |
| |
goddess of moon, hunting, wild animals, childbirth, chastity |
Artemis |
| |
goddess of wisdom, war, handicrafts, liberal arts |
Athene |
| |
god of healing and medicine |
Asclepius |
| |
goddess of Earth, agriculture, fertility, grain, harvest |
Demeter |
| |
god of fertility, wine, revelry, theater |
Dionysus |
| |
goddess of dawn |
Eos |
| |
god of love |
Eros |
| |
god of underworld |
Hades |
| |
god of fire, forge, metal working |
Hephaestus |
| |
queen of gods, goddess of marriage |
Hera |
| |
god of invention, science, commerce, protector of travelers, thieves, gamblers |
Hermes |
| |
goddess of hearth |
Hestia |
| |
god of nature, fields, forests, hunters, shepherds, flocks & rustic life |
Pan |
| |
goddess of the underworld |
Persephone |
| |
god of sea, earthquakes, and horses |
Poseidon |
| |
king of gods |
Zeus |
| |
Greek poet other than Homer-- he wrote about the origins of gods |
Hesiod |
| |
original empty void that existed before creation |
chaos |
| |
another name for Gaea |
Mother Earth |
| |
lowest region of underworld |
Tartarus |
| |
son of aphrodite, created physical attraction b/t ppl |
Eros |
| |
offspring of uranus and GAea with only one eye in middle of forehead |
Cyclopes |
| |
offspring of uranus and gaea who were enormous beings, ruled before the gods |
Titans |
| |
Titanness who was goddess of remembrance |
Mnemosyne |
| |
vengeful creatures, hideous old women in charge of eternal punishiment |
furies |
| |
youngest offspring of Cronus-- escaped being swallowed by Cronus and overthrew him |
Zeus |
| |
other 5 children of Cronus |
Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Demeter |
| |
Rhea's method of preventing Cronus from swallowing the youngest offspring(Zeus) |
disguised a rock by wrapping it in a blanket |
| |
giants freed by Zeus who produced his lightening bolts and helped him defeat Cronus |
Cyclopes |
| |
Titan condemned to hold up the heavens |
Atlas |
| |
3 Olympians who divided the universe among themselves & their respective regions |
Zeus, Hades, Poseidon |
| |
gift given to Hades by Cyclopes |
invisible helmet |
| |
gift given to Poseidon by Cyclopes |
trident |
| |
mountain that Typhon--fire breathing Titan defeated by Zeus-- lives under |
Mt. Etna |
| |
2 sons of Titan Lapetus who fought on the side of Zeus ("forethought" and "afterthought") |
Prometheus and Epimetheus |
| |
gift Zeus withheld from humans which Prometheus provided despite Zeus' ban |
fire |
| |
woman created by Hephaestus who brought suffering to the world |
Pandora |
| |
object Zeus gave as Pandora's dowry |
box/jar |
| |
only item left in Pandora's box |
hope |
| |
where Prometheus was chained by Zeus as punishment for bringing fire to humans |
Mt. Caucases |
| |
part of Prometheus' body that regenerated and was eaten by vultures repeatedly |
liver |
| |
place ruled by Hades; destination of the dead |
Underworld |
| |
name given to the spirits of the dead |
shades |
| |
destination of ordinary shades in underworld |
field of Asphodel |
| |
region of underworld surrounded by 3 high walls and Phlegethon, place of wicked |
Tartarus |
| |
place of peace for virtuous souls |
Elvisian Fields |
| |
river over which souls were ferried into Underworld |
Styx |
| |
River of Woes |
Archeron |
| |
River of Fire |
Phlegethon |
| |
River of Forgetfulness |
Lethe |
| |
River of Unbreakable Oaths |
Styx |
| |
boatman who ferried souls into the underworlds |
Charon |
| |
number of rivers in the underworld |
5 |
| |
where dead carried payment for boatmen |
under tongues(mouths) |
| |
Hades' favorite animal; watchdog of the underworld |
Cerberues |
| |
number of watchdog's head |
3 |
| |
number of judges in the underworld |
3 |
| |
fruit eaten by Persephone while in the Underworld that influenced length of annual stay |
6 seeds of Pomagranite |
| |
Zeus's most powerful weapon |
thunderbolts |
| |
bird seen holding thunderbolts, a symbol of Zeus |
eagle |
| |
Mortal killed by Zeus for bringing dead back to life |
Asclepius |
| |
Zeus and Hera's son who took pleasure in fighting |
Ares |
| |
Greed goddess sprang from Zeus;s head fully grown and wearing armor |
Athene |
| |
goddess "wisdom" and wife of Zeus whom he swallowed |
Metis |
| |
nine daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus who presided over the arts |
muses-- Terpsichore, Enterpe, Eruto, Polyhmnia, Thalia, Calliope, Melpomene, Urania, Clio |
| |
twins of Zeus and Leto |
Apollo and Artemis |
| |
daughter of Zeus and Dione or perhaps born from sea foam |
Aphrodite |
| |
Son of Zeus and Maia who stole Apollo's cows |
Hermes |
| |
nymph whose chatter aided Zeus so Hera condemned her to only repeating |
Echo |
| |
hero born to Zeus and Danae, cast out by grandfather who feared child would kill him |
Hercules |
| |
apples presented to Hera as wedding gift by Gaea |
Golden Apples |
| |
Hera and Zeus' crippled son |
Hephaestus |
| |
Prince of Troy whose insult of Hera eventually led to the Trojan War |
Paris |
| |
object belonging to Aphrodite that caused ppl to be irristable |
linen scarf |
| |
sculptor who fell in love with statue that was brought to life |
Pygmalion |
| |
name of statue that came to life and married its scuptor |
Galatea |
| |
shrine to Athena on Acropolis in Athens |
Parthenon |
| |
chief symbol of Athena |
owl |
| |
Medusa was changed into creature so hideous that one looked at her and turned them into... |
stone |
| |
hero who killed Medusa by cutting off her helmet |
Perseus |
| |
Lyndian woman who bragged she was a better weaver than Athena |
Arachne |
| |
animal Arachne was turned into by Athena |
spider |
| |
instrument played by Apollo, obtained from Hermes |
lyre |
| |
king who voted vs. Apollo in music contest and had his ears turned into donkey ears |
Midas |
| |
mortal hunter who turned into stag by Artemis and killed by his own dogs |
Actaeon |
| |
reason Artemis turned mortal hunter into stag |
saw her bathing |
| |
hunter killed by Artemis when Apollo tricked her into shooting him |
Coronus |
| |
animal created by Poseidon |
horse |
| |
3-pronged spear used by Poseidon to raise storms at sea |
trident |
| |
function of helmet belonging to Hades, made by cyclopes |
invisibility |
| |
objects called talaria which helped Hermes to deliver messages quickly |
winged sandals |
| |
name of Hermes' winged staff wrapped by serpents |
Herdsmen's staff |
| |
bird that was sacred to Ares |
hawk |
| |
legendery founders of Rome, sons of mars(Roman Ares) |
Romulus and Remus |
| |
king who returned Silenus to Dionysus and was given ability to turn objects into gold |
Midas |
| |
daughter locked in tower by King Acrisius out of fear a child of hers would kill him |
Danae |
| |
objects Theseus carried to Athens to prove himself heir to throne |
sword from stone |
| |
giant whose limbs were cut off by Theseus |
Pityocamptes |
| |
method used by Theseus to kill Sinis |
body pulled in half by pine trees |
| |
sorceress married to Theseus' father who attempted to kill Theseus |
Poseidon's wife |
| |
monster with bull's head / mans body; lived in maze |
menatar |
| |
maze in which monster with bull's head / mans body lived |
Labyrinth |
| |
daughter of Minos who aided Theseus in his escape from Labyrinth |
Ariadne |
| |
son of Daedalus who was imprisoned with his father in Crete |
Icarus |
| |
how Icarus died |
flew too high/wings melted |
| |
architect of Labyrinth |
Daedalus |
| |
color of sails Theseus flew accidently on return to Crete |
black |
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