 | Term | Definition |
| |
aerobic cellular respiration |
series of redox reactions that produce water, CO2 & ATP |
| |
ATP synthesis |
involves a series of endothermic reactions |
| |
glycolysis |
anaerobic process that occurs in the cytosol of cells |
| |
pyruvate |
three-carbon molecule formed at the end of glycolysis |
| |
fermentation |
without oxygen, pyruvate can be used in this process |
| |
transition reaction |
another name for oxidative decarboxylation |
| |
transition reaction |
by the oxidative activity of NAD+, this reaction results in a change from a three-carbon pyruvate to a two-carbon acetyl group |
| |
Krebs cycle |
cyclical metabolic pathway located in the matrix of the mitochondrion; oxidizes the products of transition reaction to carbon dioxide; 1 ATP is formed |
| |
chemiosmosis |
the movement of concentrated H+ ions through a special protein complex |
| |
matrix |
enzyme-rich fluid where ATP synthesis occurs |
| |
Coenzyme A |
a compound that contains a sulfur-based functional group |
| |
Krebs Cycle |
formation of three NADH molcules and one FADH2 molecule per pyruvate molecule |
| |
Krebs Cycle |
involves a total of nine reactions |
| |
oxygen |
plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain, during oxidative phosphorylation |
| |
electron transport chain |
series of electron carriers and multienzyme complexes that oxidize NADH & FADH2 molecules |
| |
chemiosmosis |
movement of H+ ions through a special protein complex |
| |
oxidative phosphorylation |
when high concentrations of H+ ions diffuse through the channel of the ATP synthase complex to produce ATP |
| |
cytochromes |
proteins with a heme group containing an iron atom that can be oxidized or reduced reversibly |
| |
proton pump |
multienzyme complexes that move hydrogen ions (H+) into the intermembrane space leaving the matrix positively charged |
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