Set: Hood-Holt Social Studies Geography Unit 1

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All 90 Terms

Term Definition
geography the study of the world, its people, and the landscapes they create
landscape the human and physical features that make a place unique
social science a field that studies people and the relationships among them
region a part of the world either one or more common features distinguishing it from surrounding areas
map a flat drawing that shows part of Earth's surface
globe a spherical model of the entire planet
absolute location a specific description of where a place is
relative location a general description of where a place is
environment a plant or animal's surroundings(an area's land, water, climate, plants and animals, and other physical features)
physical geography the study of the world's physical features, such aws landforms, bodies of water, climate, soils, and plants
human geography the study of the world's people, communities, and landscapes
cartography the science of making maps
meteorology the study of weather and what causes it
solar energy energy from the sun
rotation one complete spin of Earth on its axis
revolution one trip of Earth around the sun
latitude the distance north or south of the Earth's equator
tropics regions close to the equator
freshwater water without salt
glacier large area of slow-moving ice
surface water water that is stored in Earth's streams, rivers, and lakes
precipitation water that falls to Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail
groundwater water found below Earth's surface
water vapor water that occurs in the air as an invisible gas
water cycle the circulation of water from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back
drought a long period of lower-than-normal precipitation
landforms shapes on Earth's surface, such as hills or mountains
continents large landmasses
plate tectonics a theory suggesting that Earth's surface is divided into more than 12 slow-moving plates, or pieces of Earth's crust
lava magma, or liquid rock, that reaches Earth's surface
earthquake sudden, violent movement of Earth's crust
weathering the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces
erosion the movement of sediment from one location to another
weather the short term changes in the air for a given place and time
climate a region's average weather conditions over a long period
prevailing winds winds that blow in the same direction over large areas of Earth
ocean currents large streams of surface seawater
front a place where two air masses of different temperature or moisture content meet
monsoon winds that shift direction with the seasons and create wet and dry periods
savanna an area of tall grasses and scattered trees and shrubs
steppe a semi dry grassland or prairie
permafrost permanently frozen layers of soil
ecosystem a place where plants and animals depend upon each other for their survival and the enviroment in which they live
habitat the place where a plant or animal lives
extinct to die out completely
humus decayed plant or animal matter
desertification the spread of desertlike conditions
natural resources any material in nature that people use and value
renewable resources resources that can be replaced naturally
nonrenewable resources resources that cannot be replaced
deforestation the clearing of trees
reforestation planting trees to replace lost forestland
fossil fuels nonrenewable resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals
hydroelectric power the production of electricity by moving water
Culture the set of beliefs, values, and practices that a group of people has in common
Culture trait an activity or behavior in which people often take part
Culture region an area in which people have many shared culture traits
Ethnic group a group of people who share a common culture and ancestry
Cultural diversity the state of having a variety of cultures in the same area
Innovation a new idea or way of doing something
Cultural diffusion the spread of cultural traits from one region to another
Population the total number of people in a given area
Population density Average number of people per sq mile or sq kilometer
Birthrate annual number of births per 1,000 people
Migration the process of moving from one place to live in another
Democracy a form of government in which the people elect leaders and rule by majority
Communism a political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country
Market economy a system based on private ownership, free trade, and competition
Command economy a system in which the central government makes all economic decisions
Traditional economy a system in which people grow their own food and make thier own goods. Trade is often used.
Gross domestic product the value of all goods and services produced within a country in a single year
Developed countries countries with strong economies and a high quality of life
Developing countries countries with less productive economies and a lower quality of life
Globalization the process in which countries are increasingly linked to each other through culture and trade
Popular culture it refers to culture traits that are well known and widely accepted
Interdependence a relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources, goods, or services
United Nations an organization of the world's countries that promotes peace and security around the globe
Humanitarian aid assistance to people in distress
Death rate The annual number of deaths per 1,000 people
Rate of natural increase the rate at which a population is changing
Population Distribution Where people REALLY live
Monarchy Directly ruled by a king, queen,or head of a royal family. Oldest type of government.
Dictatorship A single powerful ruler has total control
Primary Industry People earn a living by providing raw materials or natural resources to others
Secondary Industry Uses natural resources or raw materials to manufacture other products
Tertiary Industry Provides goods and services to people and businesses
Quaternary Industry Processes and distributes information
Economic indicator Measure of a countries wealth
Economic Development the level of economic growth and quality of life
Economic Activity Ways in which people make a living

Set Information

Terms 90
Creator Kimbos
Created October 4, 2008
Groups None
Subject geography vocabulary
Access Anyone
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Description

Mrs. Hood Social Studies Class, Vocab Chapters 1-4

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Most Missed Words

  1. Tertiary Industry → Provides goods and services to people and businesses - 4 misses
  2. Population Distribution → Where people REALLY live - 4 misses
  3. environment → a plant or animal's surroundings(an area's land, water, climate, plants and animals, and other physical features) - 3 misses
  4. Command economy → a system in which the central government makes all economic decisions - 3 misses
  5. social science → a field that studies people and the relationships among them - 2 misses
  6. region → a part of the world either one or more common features distinguishing it from surrounding areas - 2 misses
  7. weathering → the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces - 2 misses