| Term | Definition |
|
kinetic |
energy of moving object |
|
potential energy |
energy stored in an object or material |
|
temperature |
average kinetic energy |
|
heat |
energy that flows between objects of different temperature |
|
radiation |
transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves |
|
conduction |
transfer of energy through direct contact |
|
convection |
transfer of energy through a flow in a liquid or gas |
|
insulation |
prevents heat from flowing in or out |
|
thermal expansion |
expansion of matter when its temperature is raised |
|
pressure |
force on each unit of area of a surface |
|
melting |
change of a solid to a liquid |
|
vaporization |
change of a liquid to a gas |
|
condensation |
change of a gas to a liquid |
|
freezing |
change of a liquid to a solid |
|
boiling |
formation of bubbles of vapor that escape from a liquid being heated |
|
evaporation |
vaporization of molecules from the surface of a liquid |
|
sublimation |
change of a solid directly to a gas |
|
solar cell |
device that generates electricity from sunlight |
|
biomass conversion |
energy from plant and animal materials |
|
nuclear fission |
splitting of a nucleus into two nuclei with smaller masses |
|
nuclear fusion |
merging of nuclei into a nucleus with larger mass |
|
hydroelectricity |
use of flowing water to generate electricity |
|
thermal pollution |
excess heating of the environment |