| Term | Definition |
|
parabola with a vertical axis |
(x - h)² = 4p(y - k), vertex: (h,k) directrix: y = k - p, focus: (h, k+p), axis: x = h |
|
parabola with a horizontal axis |
(y - h)² = 4p(x - k), vertex: (h,k) directrix: y = x - h, focus: ( k+p, h), axis: y = h |
|
reflective property of a parabola |
The tangent line to the parabola at point P makes equal angles with the following two lines. 1. The line passing through P and the focus. 2. The line passing through P parallel to the axis of the parabola |
|
focal chord |
a line segment that passes through the focus of a parabola and has endpoints on the parabola |
|
latus rectum |
the specific focal chord perpendicular to the axis of the parabola |
|
ellipse with a horizontal major axis |
(x - h)²/a² + (y - k)²/b² = 1 center: (h,k), vertices: (h ±a, k), Foci: (h±c, k), c² = a² - b² |
|
ellipse with a vertical major axis |
(x - h)²/b² + (y - k)²/a² = 1 center: (h,k), vertices: (h, k ±a), Foci: (h, k±c), c² = a² - b² |
|
reflective property of an ellipse |
The tangent line to the ellipse at point P makes equal angles with the lines through P and the foci. |
|
eccentricity |
e = c/a |
|
hyperbola with a horizontal transverse axis |
(x - h)²/a² - (y - k)²/b² = 1 center: (h,k), vertices: (h ±a, k), Foci: (h±c, k), b² = c² - a² |
|
hyperbola with a vertical transverse axis |
(y - h)²/a² - (x - k)²/b² = 1 center: (h,k), vertices: (h, k ±a), Foci: (h, k±c), b² = c² - a² |
|
asymptotes of a hyperbola with a horizontal transverse axis |
y = k + (b/a)(x -h) and y = k - (b/a)(x -h) |
|
asymptotes of a hyperbola with a vertical transverse axis |
y = k + (a/b)(x -h) and y = k - (a/b)(x -h) |
|
general conic equation |
Ax² + Bxy + Cy² + Dx + Ey + F = 0 |
|
rotation of axis |
x = x' cosθ - y'sinθ, y = x'sinθ + y'cosθ, where cot 2θ = (A - C)/B and B' =0 |
|
rotation invariants |
1. F = F', 2. A + C = A' + C',3. B² - 4AC = (B')² - 4A'C' |
|
ellipse or circle discriminant |
B² - 4AC < 0 |
|
parabola discriminant |
B² - 4AC = 0 |
|
hyperbola discriminant |
B² - 4AC > 0 |