| Term | Definition |
|
Force |
a push or a pull |
|
Newton |
unit of measure for force, 1 kg M/s/s |
|
net force |
the combination of all forces acting on an object |
|
unbalanced forces |
a net force causing a change in an object's motion |
|
balanced forces |
a zero net force that causes no change in an object's motion |
|
friction |
the force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other |
|
strength of friction |
depends on how hard the surfaces push together and the types of surfaces |
|
static friction |
friction that acts on object that are not moving |
|
sliding friction |
occurs when two solid surfaces slide over each other |
|
rolling friction |
occurs when an object rolls across a surface |
|
Fluid friction |
occurs when a solid object moves through a fluid |
|
gravity |
a force that pulls masses toward each other |
|
factors affecting gravity |
mass and distance, greater mass or less distance = more gravity |
|
weight |
the force of gravity acting on a mass |
|
free fall |
when the only force acting on an object |
|
air resistance |
the friction of air against a moving object |
|
terminal velocity |
the greatest velocity a falling object reaches |
|
newton's first law |
a object's motion does not change unless acted upon by an unbalanced force |
|
inertia |
the tendency of an object to resist change in motion |
|
Newton's second law |
Force = mass times acceleration |
|
Newton's third law |
for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction |
|
momentum |
equal mass times velocity |
|
conservation of momentum |
the total momentum of any group of objects remains the same |
|
satellite |
an object that orbits another object in space |